Therapeutic efficacy of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome in 60 children / 中华儿科杂志

Objective: To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) for Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS), and to analyze the factors related to the outcomes. Methods: The clinical data of 60 children with WAS received HSCT in Shanghai Children's Medical Center from January 2006 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. All cases were treated with a myeloablative conditioning regimen with busulfan and cyclophosphamide, and a graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prevention regimen based on cyclosporine and methotrexate. Implantation, GVHD, transplant-related complications, immune reconstitution and survival rate were observed. Survival analysis was performed by Kaplan-Meier method, and Log-Rank method was used for univariate comparison. Results: The 60 male patients had main clinical features as infection and bleeding. The age at diagnosis was 0.4 (0.3, 0.8) years, and the age at transplantation was 1.1 (0.6, 2.1) years. There were 20 cases of human leukocyte antigen matched transplantation and 40 mismatched transplantation; 35 patients received peripheral blood HSCT, and 25 cord blood HSCT. All cases were fully implanted. The incidence of acute GVHD (aGVHD) was 48% (29/60) and only 2 (7%) developed aGVHD of grade Ⅲ; the incidence of chronic GVHD (cGVHD) was 23% (13/56), and all cases were limited. The incidence of CMV and EBV infection was 35% (21/60) and 33% (20/60) respectively; and 7 patients developed CMV retinitis. The incidence of sinus obstruction syndrome was 8% (5/60), of whom 2 patients died. There were 7 cases (12%) of autoimmune hemocytopenia after transplantation. Natural killer cells were the earliest to recover after transplantation, and B cells and CD4+T cells returned to normal at about 180 days post HSCT. The 5-year overall survival rate (OS) of this group was 93% (95%CI 86%-99%), and the event free survial rate (EFS) was 87% (95%CI 78%-95%). EFS of non-CMV reactivation group is higher than that of CMV reactivation group (95% (37/39) vs.71% (15/21), χ2=5.22, P=0.022). Conclusions: The therapeutic efficacy of HSCT for WAS is satisfying, and the early application of HSCT in typical cases can achieve better outcome. CMV infection is the main factor affecting disease-free survival rate, which can be improved by strengthening the management of complications.

The safety and efficacy of radiofrequency in the treatment of overactive bladder / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective:To explore the safety and efficacy of radiofrequency in the treatment of overactive bladder(OAB).Methods:A prospective, multicenter, non-randomized controlled trial was conducted. Eligible patients were divided into test group and control group in Zhejiang Provincial People’Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, and Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital affiliated to Zhejiang University School of Medicine from March 2019 to June 2020. Inclusion criteria: patients diagnosed with OAB, and bladder capacity>100ml. Exclusion criteria: pregnant and lactating women; patients with secondary OAB symptoms such as urinary tract obstruction; patients with uncontrolled urinary tract infection within 1 week; patients in stable stage by using other treatment methods; patients implanted with any nerve stimulator, cardiac pacemaker or implantable defibrillator; patients with malignant tumors, serious cardiovascular, cerebrovascular diseases, renal insufficiency or received BTX treatment in recent 12 months. The patients were allocated to test group and the control group in a ratio of 2∶1 according to the time sequence of the visit. The patients in the test group were treated with radiofrequency treatment. After entering the group, they were treated for 4 times at the 1st, 2nd, 7th and 8th week respectively. In the control group, the energy was turned off during the radiofrequency treatment. The patients were followed-up every week until the end of the 12th week. The treatment success rate [the average frequency of urination in 24 h was reduced more than 50% from the baseline or returned to the normal (≤8 times/day) or the average frequency of urgent urination in 24 h was reduced more than 50% from the baseline], the frequency of urination, urgent urination and nocturnal urination before and after treatment, the residual urine volume of the bladder, the quality of life (QOL) score and the occurrence of catheter related adverse events in two groups were compared.Results:114 patients were enrolled in the study, including 76 patients in the test group and 38 patients in the control group. There were no significant differences in the age [(44.2±12.8) vs. (41.7 ± 12.1) years old], male female ratio (13/63 vs. 4/34), average course of disease [2.0(1.2, 5.0) vs. 2.0 (1.0, 4.0) years], the frequency of urination[12.8 (10.6, 16.8) vs. 12.8 (10.3, 17.0) times], urgency urination [11.8(9.3, 15.8) vs. 11.8 (9.0, 17.0) times], nocturia [2.7 (1.3, 3.7) vs. 2.3(0.7, 3.3) times], residual urine volume of bladder [12.0 (3.0, 28.0) vs. 14.0 (3.7, 20.0) ml ] and the QOL score [5.0(4.0, 5.0) vs. 4.0(4.0, 5.0)]before the treatment between the two groups ( P>0.05). The treatment success rate in the test group was 76.3% (58/76), while 26.3% (10/38) in the control group, with a statistically significant difference ( P<0.01). There were significant differences between the test group and control group in the frequency of urination [9.7 (7.7, 12.0) vs. 12.9 (9.6, 15.7) times], urgent urination [7.3 (5.0, 10.0) vs. 11.7 (7.3, 15.3) times], nocturia [1.3 (0.7, 2.0) vs. 1.7 (1.0, 3.0) times] and the QOL score of the patients[3.0(1.0, 3.0) vs. 4.0(3.0, 4.5)]after the treatment(all P<0.05). The frequency of urination, urgency urination, nocturia, the residual urine volume and the QOL score in the test group were significantly improved ( P<0.05) after the treatment.The frequency of urination, nocturia, residual urine volume and the QOL score in the control group were improved ( P<0.05) after the treatment. 13 (11.4%) patients had catheter related adverse events. In the test group and the control group, there were 7 cases of macroscopic hemorrhage caused by the placement of instruments (5/76 vs. 2/38), 5 cases of acute urinary tract infection within 3 days (3/76 vs. 2/38), and 1 case of instrument breakage (catheter breakage) (0/76 vs. 1/38). There were no significant differences in the adverse events between the two groups ( P> 0.05). Conclusions:Radiofrequency treatment of OAB can effectively improve the symptoms of patients, improve the QOL of patients, and has low incidence of adverse events, with good efficacy and safety.

3, 4-seco-Isopimarane and 3, 4-seco-pimarane diterpenoids from Callicarpa nudiflora / 中国天然药物

A phytochemical investigation was carried out on the extract of a medicinal plant Callicarpa nudiflora, resulting in the characterization of five new 3, 4-seco-isopimarane (1-5) and one new 3, 4-seco-pimarane diterpenoid (6), together with four known compounds. The structures of the new compounds were fully elucidated by extensive analysis of MS, 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data, and time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) calculation of electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra, and DFT calculations for NMR chemical shifts and optical rotations.

Immunogenicity and safety of a recombinant fusion protein vaccine (V-01) against coronavirus disease 2019 in healthy adults: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase II trial / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#Innovative coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines, with elevated global manufacturing capacity, enhanced safety and efficacy, simplified dosing regimens, and distribution that is less cold chain-dependent, are still global imperatives for tackling the ongoing pandemic. A previous phase I trial indicated that the recombinant COVID-19 vaccine (V-01), which contains a fusion protein (IFN-PADRE-RBD-Fc dimer) as its antigen, is safe and well tolerated, capable of inducing rapid and robust immune responses, and warranted further testing in additional clinical trials. Herein, we aimed to assess the immunogenicity and safety of V-01, providing rationales of appropriate dose regimen for further efficacy study.@*METHODS@#A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase II clinical trial was initiated at the Gaozhou Municipal Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (Guangdong, China) in March 2021. Both younger (n = 440; 18-59 years of age) and older (n = 440; ≥60 years of age) adult participants in this trial were sequentially recruited into two distinct groups: two-dose regimen group in which participants were randomized either to follow a 10 or 25 μg of V-01 or placebo given intramuscularly 21 days apart (allocation ratio, 3:3:1, n = 120, 120, 40 for each regimen, respectively), or one-dose regimen groups in which participants were randomized either to receive a single injection of 50 μg of V-01 or placebo (allocation ratio, 3:1, n = 120, 40, respectively). The primary immunogenicity endpoints were the geometric mean titers of neutralizing antibodies against live severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, and specific binding antibodies to the receptor binding domain (RBD). The primary safety endpoint evaluation was the frequencies and percentages of overall adverse events (AEs) within 30 days after full immunization.@*RESULTS@#V-01 provoked substantial immune responses in the two-dose group, achieving encouragingly high titers of neutralizing antibody and anti-RBD immunoglobulin, which peaked at day 35 (161.9 [95% confidence interval [CI]: 133.3-196.7] and 149.3 [95%CI: 123.9-179.9] in 10 and 25 μg V-01 group of younger adults, respectively; 111.6 [95%CI: 89.6-139.1] and 111.1 [95%CI: 89.2-138.4] in 10 and 25 μg V-01 group of older adults, respectively), and remained high at day 49 after a day-21 second dose; these levels significantly exceed those in convalescent serum from symptomatic COVID-19 patients (53.6, 95%CI: 31.3-91.7). Our preliminary data show that V-01 is safe and well tolerated, with reactogenicity predominantly being absent or mild in severity and only one vaccine-related grade 3 or worse AE being observed within 30 days. The older adult participants demonstrated a more favorable safety profile compared with those in the younger adult group: with AEs percentages of 19.2%, 25.8%, 17.5% in older adults vs. 34.2%, 23.3%, 26.7% in younger adults at the 10, 25 μg V-01 two-dose group, and 50 μg V-01 one-dose group, respectively.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The vaccine candidate V-01 appears to be safe and immunogenic. The preliminary findings support the advancement of the two-dose, 10 μg V-01 regimen to a phase III trial for a large-scale population-based evaluation of safety and efficacy.@*TRIAL REGISTRATION@#http://www.chictr.org.cn/index.aspx (No. ChiCTR2100045107, http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=124702).

Clinical effect of compound methoxyphenamine in the treatment of cough after infection / 中国基层医药

Objective@#To investigate the effect of compound methoxyphenamine in the treatment of cough after infection.@*Methods@#From September 2016 to September 2017, 94 patients with infection after cough in the Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Jinhua were selected in the research and randomly divided into two groups according to the digital table, with 47 cases in each group.The observation group was given compound methoxyphenamine, the control group was given azithromycin treatment.The treatment effect was compared between the two groups.@*Results@#Before treatment, the cough scores of the observation group and the control group were (1.4±0.7) points and (1.5±0.5)points, respectively.After treatment for one course, the cough scores of the observation group and the control group were (0.3±0.1)points and (0.8±0.2)points, respectively, the improvement of cough in the observation group was obviously better than that of the control group (t=5.024, P<0.05). After treatment, the total effective rates of the observation group and control group were 95.7%(45/47) and 83.0%(39/47), respectively, the treatment effect of the observation group was obviously better than that of the control group (χ2=11.265, P<0.05). After treatment, the incidence rates of adverse reaction of the observation group and the control group were 4.3%(2/47) and 21.3%(10/47), respectively, the incidence rate of adverse reaction of the observation group was lower than that of the control group (χ2=22.452, P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#The application of compound methoxyphenamine in patients with infection after cough can alleviate symptoms of patients with cough, reduce adverse reactions, has significant effect, so this kind of treatment method is worthy of popularizing in clinical use.

Clinical effect of compound methoxyphenamine in the treatment of cough after infection / 中国基层医药

Objective To investigate the effect of compound methoxyphenamine in the treatment of cough after infection.Methods From September 2016 to September 2017,94 patients with infection after cough in the Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Jinhua were selected in the research and randomly divided into two groups according to the digital table,with 47 cases in each group.The observation group was given compound methoxyphena-mine,the control group was given azithromycin treatment.The treatment effect was compared between the two groups. Results Before treatment,the cough scores of the observation group and the control group were (1.4 ± 0.7) points and (1.5 ± 0.5)points,respectively.After treatment for one course,the cough scores of the observation group and the control group were (0.3 ± 0.1)points and (0.8 ± 0.2)points,respectively,the improvement of cough in the observa-tion group was obviously better than that of the control group (t=5.024,P<0.05).After treatment,the total effective rates of the observation group and control group were 95.7% (45/47) and 83.0% (39/47),respectively,the treat-ment effect of the observation group was obviously better than that of the control group (χ2 =11.265,P<0.05).After treatment,the incidence rates of adverse reaction of the observation group and the control group were 4.3% (2/47) and 21.3% (10/47),respectively,the incidence rate of adverse reaction of the observation group was lower than that of the control group (χ2 =22.452,P <0.05). Conclusion The application of compound methoxyphenamine in patients with infection after cough can alleviate symptoms of patients with cough,reduce adverse reactions,has signifi-cant effect,so this kind of treatment method is worthy of popularizing in clinical use.

Persistence of rabies antibody 3 years after postexposure prophylaxis with 2-1-1 regimen of Vero-cell rabies vaccine for human use and antibody response to two booster doses / 中华疾病控制杂志

Objective To evaluate the antibody persistence following rabies postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) with 2-1-1 regimen and antibody response to two booster doses. Methods A total of 314 healthy volunteers at year 1, year 2, year 3 who had received a complete rabies PEP using 2-1-1 regimen were recruited. Two booster doses of rabies vaccine were inoculated, and blood samples were obtained before and 14 days after two booster doses. Human rabies virus IgG antibody was evaluated by ELISA, and the antibody levels and antibody positive rates were analyzed. Results The antibody GMC of 303 people at year 1, year 2, year 3 after a complete immunization was 1.33 IU/mL, 1.04 IU/mL and 0.72 IU/mL, with an antibody positive rate of 77.78%, 66.67% and 55.56%, respectively. Among 282 people who received 2 doses for booster immunization, the antibody GMC at day 14 of 1 year, 2 year and 3 year immunization group was 16.83 IU/mL, 19.37 IU/mL and 21.05 IU/mL respectively, which was higher than that before booster immunization (t=16.54, P<0.001; t=13.85, P<0.001; t=16.02, P<0.001). The antibody positive rate was 100.00%, 99.00% and 100.00%, respectively. Conclusions The immune persistence of rabies antibody after PEP with antirabies vaccine using the 2-1-1 regimen is good so as to the immune response after 2 doses of booster immunization in 3 years is effective.

In vitro study of genistein inducing apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells via NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways / 中国药理学通报

Aim To study the effect of genistein on apoptosis in human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells and the underlying mechanisms. Methods MTT as-say was used to observe the inhibitory rate on human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells treated with genistein. Colony assay was used to determine the cell colony formation rate on human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells treated with genistein. Western blot was used to detect the expression of Bcl-2, Bax, caspase-3,NF-κB, ERK, p-ERK, JNK and p-JNK in human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells treated with genistein. Results The results of MTT assay showed that genistein inhibited the viability of breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells in a time- and concentration-de-pendent manner. Colony assay suggested that genistein had an antiproliferative effect on MDA-MB-231 cells. The expression levels of Bcl-2, NF-κB and p-ERK were significantly down-regulated compared with con-trol(P < 0.01). However, the expression of Bax, caspase-3 and p-JNK was significantly up-regulated(P<0.01). Conclusions Genistein could inhibit the growth of human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells and induce apoptosis,and the mechanism may be related to the inhibition of NF-κB, ERK/MAPK signaling path-ways and the activation of JNK/MAPK signaling path-way.

Correlation between Fractional Anisotropy and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, and Effect of Inte- grative Medical Treatment on ALS / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore whether fractional anisotropy (FA) value could be taken as a quantitative indicator for tracing and reexamining amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and to analyze the correlation between FA value and integrative medical treatment.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 18 ALS patients were recruited in this study. All patients received diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) using 3. OT (Propeller HD) MRI twice. Six regions of interest (ROI) were selected to measure FA values. Survival analyses were performed in 11 cases of end point events.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) Three ROI (cerebral peduncle, posterior limb of internal capsule, and corona radiata) all indicated that FA value was the highest in patients with mild health status scale of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS/HSS). (2) There was statistical difference in the means of FA values in cerebral peduncle, posterior limb of internal capsule, and corona radiata of 18 cases between initial examination and reexamination (P < 0.01). (3) Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed the survival rate of ALS patients decreased as time went by, with the median survival time of 48 months.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>FA value was inversely proportional to the severity of ALS, the more severe, the lower FA values. FA value was an objective indicator for assessing the severity of ALS. ALS is an incurable disease till now. Integrative medical treatment might become one direction for ALS patients.</p>

Values of the Wells and revised Geneva scores combined with D-dimer in diagnosing elderly pulmonary embolism patients / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Pulmonary embolism (PE) can be difficult to diagnose in elderly patients because of the coexistent diseases and the combination of drugs that they have taken. We aimed to compare the clinical diagnostic values of the Wells score, the revised Geneva score and each of them combined with D-dimer for suspected PE in elderly patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Three hundred and thirty-six patients who were admitted for suspected PE were enrolled retrospectively and divided into two groups based on age (≥65 or <65 years old). The Wells and revised Geneva scores were applied to evaluate the clinical probability of PE, and the positive predictive values of both scores were calculated using computed tomography pulmonary arteriography as a gold standard; overall accuracy was evaluated by the area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operator characteristic curve; the negative predictive values of D-dimer, the Wells score combined with D-dimer, and the revised Geneva score combined with D-dimer were calculated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Ninety-six cases (28.6%) were definitely diagnosed as PE among 336 cases, among them 56 cases (58.3%) were ≥65 years old. The positive predictive values of Wells and revised Geneva scores were 65.8% and 32.4%, respectively (P < 0.05) in the elderly patients; the AUC for the Wells score and the revised Geneva score in elderly was 0.682 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.612-0.746) and 0.655 (95% CI: 0.584-0.722), respectively (P = 0.389). The negative predictive values of D-dimer, the Wells score combined with D-dimer, and the revised Geneva score combined with D-dimer were 93.7%, 100%, and 100% in the elderly, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The diagnostic value of the Wells score was higher than the revised Geneva score for the elderly cases with suspected PE. The combination of either the Wells score or the revised Geneva score with a normal D-dimer concentration is a safe strategy to rule out PE.</p>

Reasons and Countermeasures of Discrepancy of the Account in Inventory Management of Automatic Oral Single Dose Drug Dispensing Machine / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To explore the reasons and countermeasures of discrepancy of the account in inventory management of automatic single dose drug dispensing machine. METHODS:The discrepancy information of using sub charter in the process of inventory management from Feb. to Jun. 2014(before management)was collected,the causes were analyzed and countermeasures were put forward and carried out;then management results were evaluated via the discrepancy information from Jul. to Nov. 2014 (after management). RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:For the relative discrepancy factors such as peeling medicine,adding medi-cine and recording information,etc.,which appeared in each link,the management was strengthened in terms of drug,machine and personnel like limiting scattered drug product rules,modifying the machine parameters settings,strengthening the training and testing of machine operators;and deliver inside account discrepancy rate was decreased from 3.34% to 0.79%. Improvement of the relative system with effective countermeasures can reduce the account sub charter discrepancy rate.

Comparative study on properties of natural emulsifier self-microemulsion and nonionic surfactants self-microemulsion of puerarin in vitro and in vivo / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: To prepare a new puerarin self-microemulsion to reduce the toxicity of traditional self-microemulsion and maintain the characteristics in vitro and in vivo.

Diagnostic value of sperm DNA fragmentation for male infertility / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the diagnostic value of sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) for male infertility.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Two hundred and ninety-nine males attending infertility clinic were classified into 157 primary infertile cases and 142 fertile controls. Semen analysis was performed as recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). SDF was assessed by sperm chromatin dispersion (SCD) assay, and the results were expressed as DNA fragmentation index (DFI).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The DFI was significantly higher in infertile males than that in fertile controls [(17.1± 9.3)% vs. (14.2± 9.0)%](P< 0.01). No significant difference was detected in the age of male and female partners, seminal volume, sperm count, motility and morphology between infertile males and fertile controls (P> 0.05). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was 0.861 [95% confidence interval (CI)= 0.814-0.907] for 15.1% of SDF. The threshold level of 15.1% was derived as cut-off value to discriminate infertile men from fertile controls. By this threshold, specificity was 88.2% and sensitivity was 81.8%. The 299 men were divided into group A (n= 120) with DFI≥ 15.1% and group B (n= 179) with DFI< 15.1% based on the cut-off value. The percentage of infertile men in group A was significantly higher than that in group B (79.2% vs. 34.6%) (P< 0.01). The odds ratio (OR) for infertility in the two groups was 7.2 (95%CI= 4.2-12.3).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Sperms with high-level of DNA fragmentation can impair male fertility. DFI can be used as a good diagnostic marker for male infertility.</p>

Expression of zinc finger protein X-linked in childhood B lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the expression of zinc finger protein X-linked (ZFX) in bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMCs) of children with B lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) and its relationship with prognosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The expression of ZFX in human leukemia cell lines (REH, HL-60, NB(4) and K562) was measured by Western blot. ZFX gene was cloned by PCR from one patient and DNA sequencing technology was used to confirm it. Real-time PCR was used for detecting ZFX mRNA expression in the BMMCs of 82 children with newly-diagnosed B-ALL, 24 children with complete remission (CR) after induction therapy and 64 control children (fracture or congenital heart disease patients). According to the presence of bone marrow or central nervous system relapse during a follow-up of 3 years, the patients were identified as having a good or poor prognosis. Their ZFX mRNA levels in BMMCs at diagnosis were compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>ZFX protein was expressed in human leukemia cell lines REH, HL-60, NB(4) and K562. ZFX mRNA expression was significantly higher in the newly-diagnosed ALL group than in the control group (P < 0.01). ZFX mRNA expression in the ALL CR group was significantly reduced compared with the newly-diagnosed ALL group (P < 0.01). Children with a poor prognosis had significantly higher ZFX mRNA levels at diagnosis than those with a good prognosis (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>ZFX is over-expressed in children with B-ALL and its levels are higher in those with a poor prognosis than those with a good prognosis, which suggests that ZFX is important in the prognosis evaluation of B-ALL.</p>

MALDI-TOF-MS combined with WCX technique in diagnosing pituitary adenoma / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Application of matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry enhancement (MALDI-TOF-MS) combined with WCX nanometer magnetic bead technique, screening of the serum biomarkers in pituitary adenoma, to establish a serum protein fingerprint classification decision tree.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Analyse the serum samples of 40 cases of pituitary adenoma and 60 cases of healthy adult and find the different protein peaks, then to establish the diagnosis model and the classification decision tree of pituitary adenomas.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 42 differences in protein peaks were identified in the experimental and control group (P < 0.01). The diagnosis model of pituitary adenomas was established by three protein peaks (3382.0, 4601.9, 9191.2). The model could screen the pituitary adenoma out of the normal population. The sensitivity was 90.00% and the specificity was 88.30%. By the double blind experimental validation, the model could diagnose the pituitary adenoma and the sensitivity was 88%, the specificity was 83.30%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Significantly different protein peaks can be screened out between pituitary adenoma cases and healthy controls using MALDI-TOF-MS combined with WCX technique, and these protein peaks may be used as a pituitary adenoma detection, follow-up indicator.</p>

The abnormal expression of IKZF1 encoded protein-IKAROS in B-ALL children / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the isoforms of IKAROS in the bone marrow samples from children with acute B-lineage lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) and to investigate the relationship between frequency of dominant-negative (DN) IKAROS isoforms and prognosis of B-ALL, and to preliminarily study the relevant mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 137 children with newly diagnosed B-ALL, who sequentially entered the Department of Hematology and Oncology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center between January 2005 and September 2010, were included in the study. Nest-PCR, Sanger sequencing, and TA cloning were used to analyze the expression of IKAROS isoforms in these children. The relationship between frequency of DN IKAROS isoforms and prognosis of B-ALL was investigated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 137 children with newly diagnosed B-ALL, 16 had expression of IK6, 14 had expression of IK4, and 2 had expression of IK7. There was significant difference in 2.5-year event-free survival between the cohorts of DN IKAROS and non-DN IKAROS (P=0.01). Analysis of the 10 paired of diagnosis/relapse samples from 10 patients with recurrence showed that 8 of 10 paired diagnosis and relapse samples had inconsistent expression of IKAROS isoforms. The rate of IK6 expression in relapse samples from 21 relapse ALL patients was significantly higher than in the 137 children with newly diagnosed ALL (62% vs 12%, P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Expression of DN IKAROS isoforms can be a poor prognostic factor in B-ALL and is closely associated with recurrence of B-ALL.</p>

The expression and significance of apoptosis related gene BAG-1 in meningioma / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the expressions of BAG-1 in meningioma for further understanding of biological behaviors of meningiomas.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The specimens included in this study were collected from 158 meningioma cases. Streptavidin-peroxidase were used in immunohistochemical staining. The results of immunohistochemical score were depending on the positive ratio and intensity of the immunoreactivity. The expressions of BAG-1 in meningioma were analyzed in relationship with histopathologic grading, postoperative recurrence.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The difference in the expression degree of BAG-1 between each subtype in the same histopathologic grade and various subtypes between the grade of II to III were not statically significant (P > 0.05). The expression degree of BAG-1 between each subtype in the pathological grade I to the each subtype pathological grade I or III was different, the difference had statistical significance (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). The immunohistochemical score of the expression of BAG-1 was decreased gradually with the pathologic grading of WHO increased, and the result was statistically significant (chi2 = 141.49, P < 0.01). As the immunohistochemical score of the expression of BAG-1 decreased the postoperative meningioma was easy to recur, the result was statistically significant (x2 = 55.13, P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The expression degree of BAG-1 is in close correlations with the WHO pathologic grading of meningioma. The lower the expressions of BAG-1, the more recurrent with postoperation of meningiomas will be.</p>

Effect of calcium citrate on bone integration in a rabbit femur defect model

OBJECTIVE@#To explore effect of calcium citrate on bone integration in a rabbit femur defect model, and to compare the bone formation with different sizes by radiological and histological study.@*METHODS@#Twenty-four male Japanese white rabbits were randomly divided into three groups (Group A, B, C) in this study. Under anesthesia, defects of four sizes (1.2, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 mm) were created in each of the rabbits. Commercially pure calcium citrate powder was placed inside the medullary compartment of the femur (Experimental), while in the contralateral femur (Control) nothing was implanted. The defects were analyzed using radiography and histological analysis by using Imagepro-Plus 6.0 software after animal was sacrificed at 4th(Group A), 6th(Group B) and 8th(Group C) weeks postoperatively. Four samples were analyzed for each size of defect and each healing period.@*RESULTS@#The histological and the radiologic evaluation were performed after sacrification of all rabbits on postoperative 4th and 6th weeks, It showed significant difference between the experimental group and the control group when these defects were less than or equal to 2.0 mm. No statistical difference was observed when these defects were larger than 2.0 mm at all healing periods except at the 4th week.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Calcium citrate affects the early periods of bone defects healing mechanism in Japanese white rabbits positively, especially when the defect is not too large. We suggest further studies on calcium citrate to determine the effects of various dosages, administration ways and the experimental time on the bone defects.

Strategic framework for cholera prevention and control in Chengdu: construction and effectiveness evaluation / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To construct an operable strategic framework for cholera prevention and control which mobilized the advantages of local resources and adapted to social developments in Chengdu, and to evaluate its application effects.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>(1) After analyzing the local epidemic data of cholera in Chengdu from 1994 to 2004, we determined the main problems of cholera prevention and control works as well as the efficiency and deficiency of employed measures, and then formed a basic strategic framework. (2) After 55 invited experts preliminarily scored the strategic framework, we selected 72 specific measures to establish a measure entry database, and then the importance and operability of each measure were scored by 17 core experts. (3) Finally, the effectiveness of this strategic framework was evaluated according to the analyzing results of infection control, health education and etiological monitoring.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) The framework took government leadership as main scenario and the informatization as subordination scenario. Meanwhile, it focused on three points: the improvement of social environment, the completion of system and mechanisms for monitoring and early warning, and the enhancement of CDC response to public health emergencies. Total importance score and operability score of 35 specific measures included in this framework was 4.20 ± 0.86 and 4.09 ± 0.87, respectively. (2) Chengdu had maintained zero cholera incidence for five consecutive years from 2005 to 2009 since it gradually began to implement the strategic framework in 2002. There were 19 positive cholera cases detected by etiological monitoring and all of them were seafood or fishery products including soft-shelled turtles, silver carps and bullfrogs. The coverage rate and qualification rate of the training for grassroots cadres, grassroots medical workers, mobile cooks and their assistants was 98.14% (198 452/202 220) and 98.17% (194 820/198 452) in average, respectively. The qualification rate of the training for employees in food industry was over 96.00% (912 470/950 489). The average awareness rate of cholera prevention and cure knowledge in rural residents, grassroots cadres, grassroots medical workers, mobile cooks and their assistants was 93.87% (1653/1761) and the average formation rate of good hygiene habits was 70.58% (1243/1761).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>A strategic framework suitable for cholera prevention and control in Chengdu has been successfully established in this study. The incidence rate of cholera has maintained zero in Chengdu for five consecutive years under incessant threatening conditions such as the occurrence of cholera cases from time to time in its surrounding areas and the continuous existence of Bacillus comma in seafood or fishery products that entered local markets. Therefore, it demonstrated a good application effects.</p>

The Ausralian emergency medical system / 中华急诊医学杂志

The Australian emergency medical system has transformed over the last thirty years with the development of pre-hospital care services, hospital Emergency Departments and the development of new professional roles of Emergen-cy Physician and Paramedic. This transformation which has reflected those in many other countries has occurredbecause of increasing accountability by health services for the quality of emergency health care and increased pro-fessional commitment.